Clean Air Task Force
Summary
As of 2024, geothermal has only met about 1% of global energy demand, but recent analysis by the International Energy Agency (IEA) suggests that geothermal has the potential to cost-effectively meet up to 15% of global electricity demand growth through 2050. The key to this growth is the expansion of next-generation geothermal projects like enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) and closed-loop geothermal systems (CLGS) into new regions at lower costs.
In CLGS, fluid is contained inside a network of pipes that are heated by contact with the surrounding hot rocks. Thanks to this arrangement, power and thermal energy (e.g., used for district heating) can theoretically be produced anywhere without the need for reservoir stimulation (i.e., the network of pipes act as the reservoir), with little to no water consumption, and with a decreased risk of induced seismicity.
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